Table 4‑1 summarises the activities to be undertaken during a project. Effects on electrical and electronic systems, and materials are considered in terms of total ionising dose (TID), displacement damage, and single event effects (SEE). For spacecraft sensors, whether as part of the platform or payload, radiation-enhanced background levels are also considered. The user can find a general description of these radiation effects in ECSS-E-HB-10-12 Section 3. Table 4‑2 provides a summary, identifying the parameters used to quantify radiation effects, units and space radiation sources which induce those effects, whilst Table 4‑3 identifies the effects as a function of component technology.