Table 11‑4: Uncertainties of risk estimation from the space radiation field

Source

Rg

Q(L)

Biological

DDREF, extrapolation across nationalities, risk projection to end-of-life, dosimetry, etc.

200-300%

(mult.)

 

Radiation quality dependence of human cancer risk

 

200-500% (mult.)

NOTE 1    DDREF is the Dose and Dose Rate Effectiveness Factor. (NCRP deliberately described only a DREF -a low dose-rate-reduction factor - without including a low dose factor)

NOTE 2    Source: [16]

 

Annex A (informative)
References

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[2]            O.B. Firsov, “Reflection of fast ions from a dense medium at glancing angles,” Sov. Phys.-Docklady, vol 11, no. 8, pp. 732-733, 1967.

[3]            J R Srour “Displacement Damage effects in Electronic Materials, Devices, and Integrated Circuits”, Tutorial Short Course Notes presented at 1988 IEEE Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference, 11 July 1988.

[4]            Insoo Jun, Michael A Xapsos, Scott R Messenger, Edward A Burke, Robert J Walters, Geoff P Summers, and Thomas Jordan, “Proton nonionising energy loss (NIEL) for device applications,” IEEE Trans Nucl Sci, 50, No 6, pp1924-1928, 2003.

[5]            Scott R Messenger, Edward A Burke, Michael A Xapsos, Geoffrey P Summers, Robert J Walters, Insoo Jun, and Thomas Jordan, “NIEL for heavy ions: an analytical approach,” IEEE Trans Nucl Sci, 50, No 6, pp1919-1923, 2003.

[6]            E Petersen, “Single event analysis and prediction,” IEEE Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects Conference, Short Course section III, 1997.

[7]            J N Bradford “Geometrical analysis of soft errors and oxide damage produced by heavy cosmic rays and alpha particles,” IEEE Trans Nucl Sci, 27, pp942, Feb 1980.

[8]            C Inguimbert, et al, “Study on SEE rate prediction: analysis of existing models”, Rapport technique de synthèse, RTS 2/06224 DESP, June 2002.

[9]            J C Pickel and J T Blandford, “Cosmic-ray induced errors in MOS devices,” IEEE Trans Nucl Sci, 27, No 2, pp1006, 1980.

[10]         J H Adams, “Cosmic ray effects on microelectronics, Part IV,” NRL memorandum report 5901, 1986.

[11]         ICRP, International Commision on Radiological Protection, “1990 Recommendations of the International Commision on Radiological Protection”, ICRP Publication 60, Vol. 21 No. 1-3, Nov. 1990, ISSN 0146-6453.

[12]         ICRU, International Commision on Radiation Units and Measurements, “Radiation Quantities and Units”, 1980, ICRU Report 33.

[13]         ICRU, International Commision on Radiation Units and Measurements, “Tissue Substitutes in Radiation Dosimetry and Measurement”, 1989, ICRU Report 44.

[14]         NCRP, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Uncertainties in Fatal Cancer risk estimated Used in Radiation Protection,” NCRP Report 126, Bethesda, Maryland, 1997.

[15]         W K Sinclair, “Science, Radiation Protection and the NCRP,” Lauriston Taylor Lecture, Proceedings of the 29th Annual Meeting, April 7-8, 1993, NCRP, Proceedings No 15, pp209-239, 1994.

[16]         T C Yang, L M Craise, “Biological Response to heavy ion exposures,” Shielding Strategies for Human Space Exploration, J W Wilson, J Miller, A Konradi, F A Cucinotto, (Eds.), pp91-107, NASA CP3360, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC, 1997.