Table 10‑1: Summary of possible radiation-induced background effects as a function of instrument technology (Part 1 of 3)	Comments	Induced radioactivity remains important after exiting intense proton regimes or following solar particle events
	Radiation sources	Protons & heavier nuclei Electrons Gammas Secondary neutron-emission from spacecraft / nearby planetary atmosphere Protons & heavier nuclei	Protons & heavier nuclei Electrons Gammas Secondary neutron-emission from spacecraft / nearby planetary atmosphere Protons & heavier nuclei	Secondary gamma emission from spacecraft / nearby planetary atmosphere
	Effect	Direct ionisation Ionisation from neutron-nuclear elastic and inelastic interactions Induced radioactivity	Direct ionisation events below the veto threshold Ionisation from neutron-nuclear elastic and inelastic interactions Induced radioactivity	As above + induced radioactivity from events in active collimator which are too low to trigger collimator but do affect primary detector Gamma-ray leakage through collimator
	Example System			CGRO/OSSE, INTEGRAL /SPI
	Instrument / technology type	Semiconductor / scintillator No anti-coincidence (veto) shield	Semiconductor / scintillator with anti-coincidence (veto shield)	Semiconductor / scintillator with active collimation
	Application	g-ray detection